Wars, case studies on Bangladesh and Vietnam, as well as the American Historical study of the mass psychology of rape spanning the two World Susan Brownmiller (1975) documents this in a systematic Sexual violence in armed conflict has long been part of the spoils Survivors during and in the aftermath of conflict (see Ward and Marsh Thinking about policymaking to prevent sexual violence in armedĬonflicts, to identity perpetrators versus victims, and assist the The conclusions draw the relevance of these insights for "victimhood," as many victims are also forced to commitĪtrocities. In addition, it helps elucidate the complexity of Re-victimization throughout the cycle of conflict for many sexualĪssault survivors. Society, including men and boys, though this is typically underreported)Īre at risk of sexual violence. Ways women and the girl child especially (and sometimes others in One of the importantĬontributions of this model is to highlight the multiple situations and Understand the new wars and the types of sexual violence that theyĮntail in different stages of conflict. In the second part, the article draws from a phase model of conflict to Or situational causes, including the role of "runaway norms." In armed conflict: systemic, or more distant causes, and more proximate, This article first examines two types of causes of sexual violence
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